Anxiety and Depression¶
Short Description: Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in Germany. The Patient-Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-short screening instrument that asks for the two core symptoms of both disorders during the previous two weeks. The PHQ-4 is a well-validated instrument with good reliability and criterion validity (Kohlmann et al., 2014).
Reference: Kohlmann S, Gierk B, Löwe B (2014). PHQ-4. Patient Health Questionnaire-4. In C.J. Kemper, E. Brähler & M. Zenger (eds.), Psychologische und sozialwissenschaftliche Kurzskalen. Standardisierte Erhebungsinstrumente für Wissenschaft und Praxis. (S. 242-244). Berlin: Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft.*
Contact |
Year |
Respondents |
Dataset |
Variables |
Availability |
Field |
Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elmar Brähler, Leipzig University [E-Mail], Markus Zenger, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences [E-Mail] |
2012,2014,2018 |
1644 participants in 2012, 1370 in 2014, 872 in 2018 |
inno |
04/2015 |
Psychology |
Survey items |